Conducted by USDA-ARS Kimberly, Idaho, in partnership with Dairy West and IDA/IDEAL. This study monitors emissions from the Long-Term Manure Study evaluating minimum tillage practices, manure as a nutrient source, and the use of cover crops on GHG emissions. The objective of this project is to improve GHG emission rate estimates and evaluate mitigation strategies of N2O emissions in cropping systems. This data will be added to existing databases and used to update GHG emission estimate models.